| 14/12/2005
- The HMVS Cerberus, a warship that protected Australia
from 1871 to just after Federation, has been included
on the National Heritage List for its outstanding significance
to the nation.
The Australian Minister for the Environment and Heritage,
Senator Ian Campbell, said HMVS Cerberus reflected a period
in our history immediately after the Crimean War, when
the colonies were thought to be vulnerable to coastal
attack and invasion by Russian forces.
“Named after the mythological three headed guard-dog of
Hades, the HMVS Cerberus in her prime was an outstanding
example of technical achievement and ingenuity,” Senator
Campbell said.
“Launched in 1868, she served in three navies of the one
nation. Her initial role was to protect Melbourne and
Victoria’s gold riches for the Victorian Colonial Navy.
“She was transferred to the Commonwealth naval forces
on Federation in 1901 and was eventually commissioned
as the capital ship in the Royal Australian Navy when
it was formed after Federation in 1911.”
The engineering and design of the HMVS Cerberus is of
international significance. She was one of the earliest
‘Monitor’ style warships in the world, and she is the
last remaining example of a vessel of this type. Her hull
and superstructure were completely encased in iron, a
radical departure from the wooden hulled warships that
dominated the world’s navies at that time. Without masts,
these ships were the first British designed warships to
be powered purely by steam. They were also the first ships
to have a central superstructure, with rotating gun turrets
above deck both fore and aft.
In her 53 years of service, however, the Cerberus was
never required to fire a shell at an enemy. The closest
she came was an attempt to apprehend a small trading vessel
when it tried to evade customs duties by sneaking up Port
Phillip Bay. The crew raised the alarm but the tide had
turned and the ship’s guns were facing towards the shore.
As a result, their fire blew the roof off a chemist shop
in St Kilda and hit the Gellibrand Lighthouse.
“Despite never seeing active service, the Cerberus remains
an important part of our naval heritage, for her role
in the development of Australia as a nation,” Senator
Campbell said.
The HMVS Cerberus was scuttled at Half Moon Bay in Black
Rock, Victoria, in 1926. The Black Rock Yacht Club has
used her as a breakwater to protect its slips from the
often rough waters of Port Phillip Bay.
She joins 20 other places on the National Heritage List,
including Kurnell Peninsula where Captain Cook first set
foot in Australia; well known convict sites like Tasmania’s
Port Arthur and Western Australia’s Fremantle Prison;
and the Royal Exhibition Building in Melbourne where Federal
Parliament sat for its first 27 years.
For more information on the National Heritage List visit,
www.deh.gov.au/heritage/national/index.html
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